01 - Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Cook the pasta according to package directions until al dente. Drain thoroughly, rinse under cold running water to halt cooking, and set aside to cool completely.
02 - If using fresh corn, heat a grill pan or cast-iron skillet over high heat. Place the ears directly on the hot surface and char, turning every couple of minutes, until kernels are lightly blackened all over, about 5–7 minutes. Cut the kernels off the cobs. If using frozen corn, thaw it first, then sear briefly in the hot skillet to develop a smoky char.
03 - In a large mixing bowl, toss together the cooled pasta, charred corn kernels, halved cherry tomatoes, diced red onion, chopped cilantro, and jalapeño if using.
04 - In a small bowl, whisk together the mayonnaise, sour cream (or Greek yogurt), lime juice, smoked paprika, chili powder, kosher salt, and black pepper until smooth and well blended.
05 - Pour the dressing over the pasta and vegetable mixture. Toss gently with a large spoon or spatula until every component is evenly coated.
06 - Add the crumbled cotija cheese to the bowl and fold it in gently so the crumbles remain somewhat distinct throughout the salad.
07 - Transfer the salad to a serving bowl. Scatter the additional chopped cilantro over the top and arrange lime wedges around the edge. Serve chilled or at room temperature.